Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential for the production of red blood cells, nervous system health, and DNA formation. A deficiency can lead to anemia, cardiovascular diseases, reduced vision, depression, and neurological issues. Common symptoms include fatigue, headaches, difficulty concentrating, digestive problems, and numbness or tingling in the limbs due to nerve damage. A B12 deficiency can result from a poor diet, especially for vegetarians or vegans, as well as conditions like gastritis, pernicious anemia, Crohn’s disease, or celiac disease. Other factors, including gastrointestinal surgery, excessive alcohol consumption, and genetic issues, can affect B12 absorption. To prevent deficiency, include B12-rich foods in your diet, such as liver, seafood, salmon, tuna, beef, dairy, eggs, and fortified cereals